Study of aero-engine oil-air separators

For aero-engines, oil-air separation is a key function, and one approach to assessing separator effectiveness is computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The two-phase flow is complex and oil can be present in different forms (for example, droplets, mist, film). However, necessary modelling simplifications may affect solution accuracy and range of validity. This article presents a modelling methodology for oil-air separators; the effect of simplifications is discussed and their relative magnitude assessed. Comparison with available experimental data is presented. It is concluded that although simplification has an impact, the significant features of the oil-air separator are predicted with sufficient accuracy to allow design comparisons. Two separator configurations, one internal to a bearing chamber and one external, are modelled and the data presented. Flow fields are compared and the effectiveness of the separators in removing oil droplets prior to impact on the breather (primary separation) presented. The separation performance of the external design is largely independent of shaft speed, with all droplets >3 μm removed before impact on the breather. The critical droplet diameter of the internal design is larger, varying with breather configuration and shaft speed but the power loss is an order of magnitude lower than for the external design

Use of Electronic Science Journals in the Undergraduate Curriculum: An Observational Study

Phase 2 of a 2-phase project funded by the NSF- National Science Digital Library Project observed undergraduate and graduate engineering, chemistry, and physics students and faculty while they searched the ScienceDirect e-journals system for scholarly science journal articles for simulated class-related assignments. Think-aloud protocol was used to capture affective and cognitive state information, while online monitoring provided an automatic log of interactions with the system. Pre- and post-search questionnaires and a learning style test provided additional data. Preliminary analysis shows differences in search patterns among undergraduates, graduates, and faculty. All groups used basic search functions the most. Graduate students on average spent more time per session and viewed more pages. Further analysis, including analysis of affective and cognitive reactions is continuing

Teaching Human Rights Inside and Outside the Classroom: Education Without Borders (abstract)

University courses addressing various human rights issues have grown exponentially at the undergraduate and graduate levels over the past 20 years. Most of these courses focus on specific issues and many programs require fieldwork and/or internships. In addition, the use of the international human rights language is increasingly integrated into professional training programs that are often labeled “social” issues; for example, labor, immigration or domestic violence. What is lacking, despite the resonance and inclusion of human rights issues in these and other areas, is the development of comprehensive human rights methods and ethics courses. This roundtable seeks to bring together people engaged in human rights scholarship, teaching and training to explore the particular skills that are needed to do theoretical and applied research on human rights, human rights violations and advocacy. It will also discuss the ethics and methods of human rights work and, in so doing, will address the consequences of doing such research poorly. The roundtable thus aims to expand the understanding of human rights education beyond issue and content to specifically address the question of how do we do intellectually robust and reflexive human rights scholarship that works to make things better in the world? As Indigenous scholarship has taught us, good research must be evaluated on the basis of respect, reciprocity, relevance and responsibility by recognizing the ethics that are involved in doing such work. Thus, the roundtable aims to work towards developing a conversation around the methods of human rights academic and applied academic work. In this way one can develop best practices as well note concerns in current practice

Symptoms of adopted children presenting to a large mental health clinic

The intake records of a selected sample of children adopted in early infancy are reviewed and their presenting symptoms categorized. A majority of the children's symptoms fell into the first 5 of 15 categories: Oppositional Behavior, Aggressive Behavior, Anti-social Acting Out, Academic Problems and Problems with Peers. While these symptoms are not uncommon in non-adoptive clinic cases, the authors note an emphasis on the adoptive parents' disappointment and accusatory attitude toward these children as well as a high incidence of symptoms indicative of interpersonal difficulties and problems in developing solid parental attachments and self-control.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43973/1/10578_2005_Article_BF01463216.pd

Wireworms in Conservation Reserve: An Evaluation of Risk Using GIS Technology and Discovering Effective Sampling Techniques

The mission of the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), introduced in 1985, is to reduce soil erosion and increase wildlife habitat by planting native cool-season grasses on highly erodible land. After 10 years of fallow conditions, farmers can expect any number of problems when returning this land to crop production. One probable result will be the occurrence of soil-insect pests, primarily wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae )

Imprints, Vol. 3

Imprints, Vol. 3 Laura Lundgren, Stephen F Austin State UniversitySandra L. Standley, Stephen F Austin State UniversityMelissa Miller, Stephen F Austin State UniversityCurtis Simmons, Stephen F Austin State UniversityVaughn Hamilton, Stephen F Austin State UniversitySteve Geissen, Stephen F Austin State UniversityEdward Shelton, Stephen F Austin State UniversityJames L. Choron, Stephen F Austin State UniversityAnderson Kelley, Stephen F Austin State UniversityAndrew J. Urbanus, Stephen F Austin State UniversityGordon Garrett Conner, Stephen F Austin State UniversityJames Chionsini Jr., Stephen F Austin State UniversityPaul M. Thomason, Stephen F Austin State UniversityCarol McBrayerJessica Anton, Stephen F Austin State University Download Download Full Text (5.7 MB) Description Imprints is the official publication for Sigma Tau Delta, the honorary English fraternity. The editors welcome creative works submitted by contributors and also publish winners of the annual T. E. Ferguson Writing Contest. Especially welcom are poems, fiction pieces and essays of no more than 5,000 words in length. At this time, we would like to express our gratitude to David Whitescarver, Sigma Tau Delta faculty advisor, for his unrelenting optimism and valuable help in the preparation of this journal

Prospectus, December 4, 1985

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1985/1029/thumbnail.jp

Separating and visualising protein assemblies by means of preparative mass spectrometry and microscopy

a b s t r a c t Many multi-protein assemblies exhibit characteristics which hamper their structural and dynamical characterization. These impediments include low copy number, heterogeneity, polydispersity, hydrophobicity, and intrinsic disorder. It is becoming increasingly apparent that both novel and hybrid structural biology approaches need to be developed to tackle the most challenging targets. Nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry has matured over the last decade to enable the elucidation of connectivity and composition of large protein assemblies. Moreover, comparing mass spectrometry data with transmission electron microscopy images has enabled the mapping of subunits within topological models. Here we describe a preparative form of mass spectrometry designed to isolate specific protein complexes from within a heterogeneous ensemble, and to 'soft-land' these target complexes for ex situ imaging. By building a retractable probe incorporating a versatile target holder, and modifying the ion optics of a commercial mass spectrometer, we show that we can steer the macromolecular ion beam onto a target for imaging by means of transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Our data for the tetradecameric chaperonin GroEL show that not only are the molecular volumes of the landed particles consistent with the overall dimensions of the complex, but also that their gross topological features can be maintained

Emergence of the Asian 1 Genotype of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 in Viet Nam: In Vivo Fitness Advantage and Lineage Replacement in South-East Asia

A better description of the extent and structure of genetic diversity in dengue virus (DENV) in endemic settings is central to its eventual control. To this end we determined the complete coding region sequence of 187 DENV-2 genomes and 68 E genes from viruses sampled from Vietnamese patients between 1995 and 2009. Strikingly, an episode of genotype replacement was observed, with Asian 1 lineage viruses entirely displacing the previously dominant Asian/American lineage viruses. This genotype replacement event also seems to have occurred within DENV-2 in Thailand and Cambodia, suggestive of a major difference in viral fitness. To determine the cause of this major evolutionary event we compared both the infectivity of the Asian 1 and Asian/American genotypes in mosquitoes and their viraemia levels in humans. Although there was little difference in infectivity in mosquitoes, we observed significantly higher plasma viraemia levels in paediatric patients infected with Asian 1 lineage viruses relative to Asian/American viruses, a phenotype that is predicted to result in a higher probability of human-to-mosquito transmission. These results provide a mechanistic basis to a marked change in the genetic structure of DENV-2 and more broadly underscore that an understanding of DENV evolutionary dynamics can inform the development of vaccines and anti-viral drugs

Academic Functioning and Mental Health in Adolescence

The current study examines patterns of academic functioning and mental health in 184 middle school children and the relation of such patterns to their prior and subsequent functioning. Data were collected from children during their second, third, fourth, eighth, and ninth grade school years. Cluster analyses were used to delineate patterns of academic functioning and mental health during eighth grade. The authors examined the relation of these patterns to academic functioning and mental health 1 year later the transition to high school, and then examined the long-term developmental roots of the eighth grade patterns using data collected during elementary school years. Results indicated variegated patterns of academic and emotional functioning at eighth grade and stability in these patterns across the high school transition. Some long-term continuity was found among children showing uniformly positive or negative functioning at eighth grade. Studying child functioning across multiple domains and time periods is discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68127/2/10.1177_0743558499142002.pd